Photopolymer-Enabled Electrochemical Electrodes: Surface Area, Binder State, Electrolyte Access and Cycling Stability

Photopolymer-enabled electrochemical electrodes combine a digitally defined three-dimensional architecture with a material transformation that can include conductive fillers, active particles, infiltration, coating or carbonization. Their performance cannot be inferred from geometric surface area alone. This review separates designed area from electrochemically accessible area, distinguishes polymer binder that remains in service from sacrificial binder removed by thermal treatment, and connects pore geometry to electrolyte wetting, ionic transport, electronic continuity and cycling stability. Evidence from vat-photopolymerized battery electrodes and stereolithography-derived carbon electrodes is used to define a non-compensatory qualification matrix. The central conclusion is that architecture is beneficial only when active material, electron pathways and electrolyte access remain coupled through the complete manufactured and cycled state.

ER-264 · Version 0.3.