Verification and Validation of Multiphysics Models for Photopolymer Additive Manufacturing: Parameters, Benchmarks and Uncertainty

The multiphysics model qualification is examined as a qualification problem in which mechanism, measurement and transferability must be kept distinct. The governing description centres on the coupled balance that governs multiphysics model credibility; the response is then modified because parameter compensation can hide wrong physics when only one observable is fitted, while calibration on working curves alone does not validate thermal or stress predictions. A practical measurement architecture combines independently identified optical, thermal, geometric and mechanical observables with replicate-based uncertainty estimates. The controlled test 'unit benchmarks for each submodel' is proposed to discriminate causal explanations before a global model is fitted. These elements provide the evidence needed to decide whether a model is credible for profile transfer, geometry compensation or digital-twin control and to define the boundary beyond which the qualification claim no longer applies.

ER-360.