Chitosan-Derived Photocurable Hydrogels: Molecular Weight, Degree of Deacetylation, Methacrylation, Acid-Neutral State, Hybrid PEG Networks, SLA/4D Printing and Qualification

Chitosan-derived photocurable hydrogels cannot be specified by the word chitosan alone. Molecular-weight distribution, degree and pattern of deacetylation, acid dissolution, neutralisation, derivatisation and purification determine the incoming macromer. Morris et al. demonstrated SLA manufacture of chitosan:PEGDA hybrid gels, while Seo et al. used hydroxybutyl-methacrylated chitosan for temperature-reversible SLA 4D printing. Bucciarelli et al. showed that CsMA concentration, temperature and shear rate govern solution viscosity, while CsMA concentration, photoinitiator concentration and UV exposure jointly alter compression modulus, morphology, degradation and solubilisation. This review separates neat derivatives from PEG hybrids and distinguishes pH/ionic history, temporary shape change and permanent network state.

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