POMaC Citrate-Containing Photocurable Elastomers: Dual Crosslinking, LCD Vat Printing, Porogen Extraction, Granular Composite Bioinks and Qualification

Primary evidence defines POMaC as a citric-acid/1,8-octanediol/maleic-anhydride polyester with independent photochemical and condensation crosslinking levers. Early thermosets spanned 0.03-1.54 MPa initial modulus and 48-534% elongation at break across controlled states. A later LCD-vat formulation reduced viscosity from 10 136 to 282 cP with 50 wt% PEG400, used TMPTA to reduce gel time from 11 to 7 s, and printed 80 µm positive features, a nominal 100 µm open channel measured at 110 µm and 100 µm gyroid features. Increasing porogen unexpectedly raised compression modulus from 80 to 790 kPa after extraction while increasing brittleness; residual components required extensive washing, and cell viability remained above 80% only for the tested post-treated specimens. A distinct 2025 route used preformed POMaC microparticles in fibrin, GelMA or alginate to resist cell-driven compaction. Qualification must therefore close backbone ratio, crosslink sequence, soluble formulation, extraction, geometry, degradation and continuous-versus-granular morphology.

3Dresyns Engineering Review ER-120, version 0.3. Provider-neutral technical review. The deposited PDF is controlled by its exact SHA-256 in the release manifest.