Magnetically Functional Photopolymer Composites in Vat Photopolymerisation: Filler Dispersion, Cure Coupling, Magnetic State and Field-Programmed Response
Segurola, Juan
2026-08-27 · Informe · Versión 0.2
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Vat photopolymerisation can produce magnetically functional composites with complex geometry, spatially programmed magnetic states and field-responsive behaviour. The same magnetic filler that provides function can also alter suspension stability, optical energy delivery, cure behaviour, feature fidelity and the realised particle distribution. Subsequent field-assisted alignment or post-print magnetisation can further change anisotropy and magnetic response. A magnetic-composite result is therefore conditional on more than resin identity and filler loading. This review organises the controlled evidence into an eight-stage material-state chain: magnetic phase and particle state; dispersion, agglomeration and sedimentation; optical-cure coupling; printed microstructure and orientation; magnetisation timing and field history; direct magnetic metrics; functional response under declared field conditions; and retained magnetic, dimensional and mechanical performance. Direct VPP evidence spans circulating-vat processing, soft-magnetic ferrosilicon composites, Fe3O4 thiol-click photopolymers, high-loading hard-magnetic DLP systems and dynamic-field-assisted particle alignment. Shape-memory, magnetic-hyperthermia and post-pyrolysis electromagnetic- loss studies are retained only as bounded or context-only branches. The review separates soft- and hard-magnetic measurement questions, denies evidentiary independence between two same-laboratory 2026 dynamic-field papers, and treats cycling and long-term retention as an explicit source gap rather than an inferred property. Adjacent IEC 60404 and ASTM magnetic test methods are mapped to direct magnetic measurements while their specimen-geometry, magnetic-class and circuit assumptions are preserved. A minimum reporting architecture and cross-study comparison gate are proposed so that magnetic response is tied to a reconstructable material and test state rather than to filler identity or a single demonstration.