Photocurable Guar-Gum-Derived Hydrogels: Botanical Identity, Hydroxypropylation, Methacrylation, Dual Networks, Extrusion, Hydration and Qualification

Photocurable guar-derived hydrogels span GG-MA macromonomers, HPG-MA networks, hybrid permanent-reversible networks and cell-laden extrusion inks. Tiwari et al. linked GG-MA molar mass and methacrylation to swelling, enzymatic degradation and endothelial-cell response. Ospennikov et al. combined HPG-MA photochemistry with reversible phenylboronate-diol links. Shang et al. reported a monophasic GG-MA extrusion bioink. Non-photo HPG/borate systems provide essential controls for reversible-network attribution. This review keeps those material and article states separate.

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