Immune-Interactive Photopolymer Materials: Protein Adsorption, Innate Response, Foreign-Body Reaction and Design Limits

Implanted photopolymer materials immediately acquire an adsorbed protein layer that mediates subsequent interactions with innate immune cells. The foreign-body response is therefore not a simple intrinsic material property and cannot be inferred from nominal polymer chemistry or short-term cytocompatibility. This review links protein adsorption, macrophage response, material modulus, surface chemistry and fibrous encapsulation, and defines design limits for immune-interactive photocured materials. It treats in vitro macrophage assays as mechanistic tools rather than substitutes for in vivo qualification. ER-438.